Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb.

Fabaceae

Common Names:
Gammalu (S)
Asanam, Utera-venkai, Venaki (T)
Indian kino tree (E)
Asana (Sa)

Status

Vulnerable

Traditional Knowledge

Useful plant parts :
Bark, latex and gum

Uses in traditional medicine :

Glass of milk supplemented with a drop of latex is taken early morning for diabetes
Dried gum dissolved in warm water is used as a mouthwash for gum diseases and tooth decay
Bark is astringent
Used to treat diarrhoea, pyrosis, leucorrhoea and ulcers

Scientific Research

Chemical constituents:

Polyphenolic compounds: marsupsin, pterosupin and pterostilbene, flavonoids: pteroside, pteroisoauroside, marsuposide, vijayoside, vijayosine, (-)- epicatechin from plant

Bioactivity :

Methanol extract of stem bark: antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative; marsupsin and pterostilbene: antihyperglycaemic; pterostilbene: anticancer; aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of heartwood: cardiotonic, antihypertipidaemic

Clinical:

Note :

Heartwood is valuable as timber

References :

Chakraborty, A. et al., (2010), In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic, anti-proliferative and anti-oxidant properties of pterostilbene isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium, Toxicol In Vitro, 24(4), 1215-28.

Chakravarthy, B. K. and Gode, K. D., (1985), Isolation of (-)-Epicatechin from Pterocarpus marsupium and its Pharmacological Actions, Planta Med, 51(1), 56-9.

Gupta, R. and Gupta, R. S., (2010), Hepatoprotective action of Pterocar- pus marsupium against streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress, Egyptian Journal of Biology, 12, 44-51.

Jahromi, M. A, and Ray, A. B., (1993), Antihyperlipidemic effect of flavonoids from Pterocarpus marsupium, J Nat Prod, 56(7), 989-94.

Manickam, M. et al., (1997), Antihyperglycemic activity of phenolics from Pterocarpus marsupium, J Nat Prod, 60(6), 609-10.

Maurya, R. et al., (1984), Constituents of Pterocarpus marsupium, J. Nat. Prod, 47(1), 179–181.

Mishra, A. et al., (2013), Antidiabetic activity of heart wood of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. and analysis of phytoconstituents, Indian J Exp Biol, 51(5), 363-74.

Mohire, N. C. et al., (2007), Cardiotonic activity of aqueous extract of heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupium, Indian J Exp Biol, 45(6), 532-7.

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