Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst.
Traditional Knowledge
Useful plant parts :
Whole plant and young shoot
Uses in traditional medicine :
- One tea spoon of 3-5 leaved young shoot infusion is given for constipation in infants and to increase memory capacity
- Whole plant acts as a nervine tonic, diuretic, aperient, mild purgative and as a snake bite remedy
- Whole plant is used to treat insanity, epilepsy, loss of voice and phthisis
- Whole plant is used to increase strength and sexual power
Scientific Research
Chemical constituents:
Triterpene glycosides: bacopasides I-VII, and bacopasaponsin C from whole plant
Bioactivity :
Bacopaside I, II and bacopasaponsin C: neuroprotective, antidepressant; ethanol extract of whole plant: anti-inflammatory; ayurvedic medicinal preparation, ‘Brahmi rasayan’ containing leaves as the main ingredient: antinociceptive, protective against electroshock seizures and chemoconvulsions; extract of whole plant: used in the treatment for epileptic and hypoxic conditions
Clinical:
Standardized dry extract of the whole plant has the potential to increase cognitive performance in ageing
References : Calabrese, C. et al., (2008), Effects of a Standardized Bacopa monnieri Extract on Cognitive Performance, Anxiety, and Depression in the Elderly: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial, The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 14(6), 707-713. Chakravarty, A. K. et al., (2001), Bacopaside I and II: two pseudojujubo- genin glycosides from Bacopa monniera, Phytochemistry, 58(4), 553-6. Chakravarty, A. K. et al., (2003), Bacopasides III-V: three new triterpenoid glycosides from Bacopa monniera, Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 51(2), Channa, S. et al., (2006), Anti-inflammatory activity of Bacopa monniera in rodents, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 104, 286-289. Liu, X. et al., (2013), Neuroprotective effects of bacopaside I in ischemic brain injury, Restor Neurol Neurosci, 31(2), 109-23. Paulose, C. S. et al., (2008), Neuroprotective Role of Bacopa monnieri Extract in Epilepsy and Effect of Glucose Supplementation During Hypoxia: Glutamate Receptor Gene Expression, Biomedical and Life Sciences, 33(9), 1663-1671. Russoa, A. and Borrell, F., (2005), Bacopa monniera, a reputed nootropic plant: an overview, Phytomedicine, 12, 305-317. Shukia, B. et al., (1987), Effect of Brahmi Rasayan on the central nervous system, J Ethnopharmacol, 21(1), 65-74. Zhou, Y. et al., (2007), Triterpene Saponins from Bacopa monnieri and Their Antidepressant Effects in Two Mice Models, Journal of Natural Products, 70, 652-655.
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